Effect of Workplace Spirituality on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction

Introduction

These days organizations need to move fast, adaptive, precise, and efficient. In this case, universities compete against each other to provide quality service and quality for the community. For universities, the lecturer determines the achievement of college performance, this also means the human factor has influenced the organization’s performance. Therefore, organizations must make ways to maximize the human resources. Organization must be aware that individual performance has relation with work, and ability related to attitude. One of the things, spirituality has a relation with organizational commitment and job satisfaction. A study was done at a private university in the town Kupang-East to learn more about this topic. That includes 50 faculties to fulfill the survey with SPSS 20 regression test analysis type.

Literature Review

The term workplace spirituality look is an oxymoron: two ideas that at first glance seem contradictory (Pierce, 2006). Giacalone and Jurkiewicz (2003) said that there are 2 levels of viewing spirituality, individual level and level of organization. Individual level, can be interpreted as a reflection of employees meaningful experiences based on doing the job, employees’ relationship and solidarity and perfection in the workplace (Salarzehi, Aramesh, and Mohammadi, 2011). For organizational level, Garcia-Zamor (2003) defines workplace spirituality as: “The recognition that people are coming to work have over their bodies and minds; they bring individual talents and unique soul”. 

It is stated that workplace spirituality brings good impact, Gull & Doh (2004) defines workplace spirituality as; “The notion that they find more involved, more responsible, more ethical, more collaborative, and thus, more creative”. So, a workplace spirituality does not always mean religion, it consists of meaningful work, a sense of community, and alignment with organizational values.

Hypothesis

H1 : workplace spirituality significant effect on job satisfaction

H2 : workplace spirituality significant effect on Organizational Commitment

Materials & Methods

• Population and Samples: The survey was done to 50 young lecturers from private colleges in the city of Kupang East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The sampling technique used was a simple random sampling method.
• Measurement and Testing Variables Research

• Workplace spirituality: Measured by reference to the workplace Spirituality dimensions of Milliman, Czaplewski & Ferguson (2003), the measurement consists of meaningful work dimensions for the individual level, sense of community for level groups, and alignment with organizational values for organizational level.

• Job satisfaction: Measured by reference to the aspects of job satisfaction according to Robbins & Coulter (2010) and Martins & Jacson, (2008), this includes the dimensions of work itself, compensation, labor relations, and opportunities for advancement.

• Organizational commitment in this dimension of Meyer and Allen (1997), the commitment affective (emotional attachment to the organization, the normative commitment (responsibility in the organization), and the continuance commitment (Evaluation of the costs with leaving the organization). 

• Analysis Technique: The analysis technique used is linear regression method using SPSS 20. This regression method can estimate the value of the dependent variable Y by using more than one variable (X1, X2, … , Xn).
• Model of The Research

Results & Discussion

Hypothesis 1 : workplace spirituality → Job satisfaction

Hypothesis 2 : workplace spirituality → Organizational commitment

Hypothesis 1 indicates that workplace spirituality has a positive and significant influence on job satisfaction. workplace spirituality plays a role in self-control to achieve clear what the purpose of balancing the ability to achieve goals in all conditions, especially in job satisfaction. It is also has an effect to make the employees feel a part of community work experience, and trust.

Hypothesis testing 2, in this study, indicates that spirituality has a positive significant with organizational commitment. Spirituality and relationship commitment is motivated by the realization that the work is not only related to the search material alone, so the award will work itself internally will increase the commitment of the organization’s member. Thus, organizational commitment with regard to the relationship between the individual and the organization.

Conclusion

This paper justifies how spirituality in workplace could affect the important aspects in human resources management, which is job satisfaction and organizational commitment. A basic understanding of the meaning of work is closely related to spiritual values possessed by the individual in his work. Thus, to increase job satisfaction and fulfillment in working through intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction to be able to increase the productivity and satisfaction with birth and in satisfactory welfare. In conclusion, the findings in this research provide a referral to the college to meet the needs of both the psychological and spiritual, thus creating a work environment conducive to the achievement of organizational commitment and job satisfaction of lecturer. As well as a reference for further research with larger samples as well as relations with other relevant variables.

Reference

Rolland E., Fanggidae, Yuyus, Suryana, Nuri Efendi, Hilmiana (2016). Effect of a workplace spirituality on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction (Study on the Lecturer of Private Universities in the Kupang City -Indonesia). 3rd Global Conference on Business and Social Science-2015, GCBSS-2015, 16-17 December

2015, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042816301057

Editor: Phylicia Febian & Nurul Sekararum

Ilustrasi oleh Fadhli Rahman Jamal